Review The Causes Of Air Conditioner Problems
Some main principles for Air Conditioner troubleshooting. For either central home Air conditioner or window air conditioners, the first thing to test is whether the unit is getting proper power. If the unit employs 220 volt power be sure that the appropriate voltage is coming to the unit. Same for 110 volt units. A voltage meter can be employed to make sure that the voltage is correct.
For window air conditioning units the voltage can also be checked before and after the thermostat. If voltage is being supplied to the thermostat but not from it then the thermostat possibly needs changed . This is a fairly common problem . Another place to check is the fan motor voltage. The fan on window air conditioners runs both the interior blower and the condenser fan. If that motor damages than the compressor may run for a short time , but will overheat and shut off. Continued operation like this will result in compressor failure. This motor can be easily replaced for bigger window air conditioners, but for smaller ones the price of replacement will be more expensive than a new unit.
Central Air Conditioners for the home are more complex and there are a great number of things that can go wrong . As with the window air conditioner the thermostat can also be a problem . The central air conditioner thermostat will only have 24 volts going to it. So don’t look for high voltage there. Several units the voltage will be getting from the outdoor unit and others the voltage will be supplied by the interior air handler or furnace. The majority house central air conditioning will be supplied by the interior air handler or the furnace. If the air conditioner is for cooling only the unit will usually have just two wires connected to the condenser unit. Check that you have 24 volts across those wires.
The next thing to pay attention to will be the indoor blower. If your thermostat is calling for cooling then the inner blower should be running . If there is no air moving across the interior cooling coil then you will soon have a big block of ice formed on the coil. This can happen for a few reasons. The interior blower is not working , the air flow is restricted and not allowing air to motion across the coil. A clogged air filter would also do this. Or the outer condenser unit has lost the charge of refrigerant.
Finally and worst of all is when you have an entire compressor failure . Often when this occurs the compressor will “lock up” or cannot turn when power is supplied to it. Overheating or lack of lubrication are usually the main reasons of compressor damage . Overheating can be caused by the outer coil around the compressor getting clogged with dirt , leaves, grass, or just plain old grime. The outdoor coil should be washed out yearly with a good coil cleaner and water. This will help prevent compressor damage and help maintain the unit running at peak efficiency . Changing an air conditioner compressor is a work that requires specialized equipment and should be done by a professional with the appropriate refrigeration license.
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